Calculating apparatus.



No. 734,288. PATENTED JULY 21, 1903 G. A. N. WALLIGH.-

CALCULATING APPARATUS. urmonron FILED 001'. 1a. 1902.

H0 MODEL.

IIIIIIIIIIN 1] 38 UNITED STATES rammed July 21, 1903.

CHARLES A. N. 'WAIJIIIOH, OF BEXHILL, ENGLAND.

CALCULATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 734,288, dated July 21,1903.

Application filed October 18,1902. $erial No. 127,770, No model-'1 T0aZZ whmn it nuty concern.

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. N. \VAL- LICH, a subject of the King ofGreat Britain, and aresident of BeXhill-on-Sea,in the county of Sussex,England, have inventedcertain new and useful Improved CalculatingApparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention refers to calculating apparatus for the addition ofnumbers and for ascertaining the difference between two numbers or forrecording the difference between the totals of each of twoseries orcolumns of numbers, and as an instance of a useful ap plication of theinvention I will describe the device as adapted for scoring in the gameof bridge, -wherein two parties score and where it is desired at the endor at any other period of the game to ascertain the exact number ofpoints made, consisting of the dif ference between the total numberscored by one player and the total number scored by the other player andto provide an indication as to which players credit the balance is due.

Obviously the instrument might well be used for other purposes, but theabove use presents a good example.

I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, whereon Figure 1 is a plan view, and Fig. 2 is a verticalcentral section, showing my improved calculating apparatus. Fig. is aninverted plan view of a detached part hereinafter referred to. Fig. 4 isa sectional side elevation, and Fig. 5 is a sectional plan on the line XY of Fig. 4, showing the means for maintaining the position of one ofthe hands during a part of its motion. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan view,and Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation, of a device hereinafter describedfor moving one of the hands to the zero position.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the apparatus is composed of abase-plate1, mounted upon which is a casing 2, the upper face of this casing beingclearly shown at Fig. 1. Upon the upper face of the casing 2 there isdelineated by engraving, printing, or the like two concentric circulardials 3 4:. These dials are divided into the required number ofdivisions by lines radiating from the center, and in the example showneach dial is so divided by the radiating lines into fifty divisions andthe dials (when employed for the use hereinbefore statecl-namely, forscoring in a game, such as bridge) are distinguished from each other bydifference in color. In the drawings it has been assumed that the twoplayers in the game are distinguished from one another by the colors redand blue, and therefore the outer dial 3 is supposed to be colored red,while the inner dial 1 is supposed to be colored blue, and these dials,since in the game of bridge the scoring is by even numbers, 2, a, &c.,are figured. accordingly in even numbers from zero, the red dial 3 beingnumbered clockwise and the blue dial 4 bein numbered from zerocounter-clockwise,

Mounted centrally within the dials and carried by a bearing in thebase-plate 1 I provide a vertical. spindle 5, (see Fig. 2,) and thisspindle has fixed to it a disk (3, which lies upon or level with the topof the casing 2. The disk 6 hasan index-finger 7, produced by engraving,printing, or the like upon its upper surface, the point of the fingerextendingto the edge of the disk, and beneath the disk I provide meansto prevent accidental revolution such, for instance, (see Fig. 3,) as awheel 8, formed with serrations or teeth fixed to or formed with theunder face of the disk (3-and I provide a spring 0, fixed to the casingand carrying a click or detent 10, which engages the said wheel 8. Thedisk 6 can be turned to any required extent 'by a milled head 11, fixedon the end of the spindle 5, and during such rotation the click 1O jumpsover the teeth of the wheel 8 and retains the disk securely in theposition to which it has been brought.

Mounted upon the spindle 5, beneath the milled head 11 and above thedisk 6, I provide an index-hand 12, formed with two pointers 13 14, thepoint 13 colored blue to indicate upon the blue dial 4 and the otherpoint 14 colored red to indicate upon the red dial 3. The index-hand 12is required at times to rotate with the disk when the milled head 11 isturned, and then while the milled head and disk 6 are held stationarythe index-hand must be capable of being moved relatively thereto, and tothis end at Fig. 2 the index-hand 12 is movable with a certain amount offriction upon the spindle 5. In cases, however, where the frictionalgrip of the index-hand is not considered sufficient, I then, as shown atFigs. 4 and 5, fix a click-wheel15 on the spindle 5, andI mount upon theindex-hand. 12 a spring-detent 16, which coacts, with the click-wheel15, (see Fig. 5,) and thus normally the hand 12 will move with the disk6 and the spindle 5, but if the disk 6 is held stationary by either itsown friction or by hand then the index-hand 12 can be seized by a knob17 and turned relatively to the disk 6.

Mounted on the spindle 5, below the disk 6 and in the interior of thecase, is a toothed pinion 18, which gears with a toothed hundreds-disk19. This disk 19 is mounted upon a pivot carried from the bed-plate 1,and one half of its upper face is colored red and the other half blue,or equivalent means are provided; to distinguish one half of the diskfrom the other. .Near the periphery and at one end of the diametricalline which divides the colors of the disk 0 is marked to indicate zero,and then at equal distances from zero 100, 200, 300, &c., are markeduponboth sides of the diametrical line. Above the disk 19 there is anaperture 20 in the top lot the casing 2, through which some of thenumbers on the disk 19 can be observed, and at the center of thataperture there is a point 21, beneath which when the use of theapparatus is commenced the zero of the disk 19 is placed and the redwill be seen upon. one side of the pointer 21 through the aperture andthe blue will be seen upon the left-hand side of the point 21. Theindex-finger 7 should then point to zero on the two dials 3 and 4.

22 23 are slots in the top of the casing 2,

along which can be slid sliding pointers 24:

25, indicating on a scale of numbers delineated on the top of the casing2, and these are used to indicate the number of points made by tricksalone toward game gained by each player. There are pivoted wings 26 27normally within the casing and capable of moving out therefrom throughslots, and these wings are so arranged that when a pointer, such as theone 25 has been moved up to the end of the slot 23, reaches the number30 on the scale, (the number which indicates the end of a game,) itforces out that particular wing 26 and shows the word Game writtenthereon. One pointer 24 is' colored blue and the other pointer 25 red,because one pointer is employed by one player and the other pointer bythe other player.

At Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown. means by which the index-hand 12 can bereturned to zero by mechanical means, and such a device is necessarywhen it is considered desirable, as it sometimes is, to cover the top ofthe casing 2 with asheet of glass. At Fig. 7, 28 is a glass covering forthe top of the casing 2, and of course the spindle 5 projects through ahole in the glass and carries, as before, the milled head 11. Theindex-hand 12 moves with the spindle by friction or otherwise, as

by an arm 30 to the finger 12, I fix a heartshaped cam 31 or such a camthat the radii of each half increases in length towardone point,which isthe apex of the heart. Mounted within the casing and extending throughfone side thereof I provide a plunger 32, held away from the cam 31 by aspring and carried in guides, so as to be capable of being slid byoperation from the outside of the case toward the axis of the spindle 5.Vhenithe ind ex-hand 12 has been moved along with the disk 6 by themilled head 11, and it is then required to return the index-hand 12 tozerothat is, to return it to the dotted position shown at Fig. 6I pressthe plunger 32 and the point acts upon one side or other of; the apex ofthe heart,and by reason of the decreasing diameterof the heart-cam 31 itis moved around until the heart arrives at the position shown at Fig. 6,when the plunger 32 is released and the index-hand 12 is le'ft at zero.

The operation of the apparatus I will now describe, referring to thesimple construction shown at Figs. 1 and 2: Supposing that blue playsfirst and makes eighty points and that the index-finger 7 of the disk 6,together with the points '13 and 14 of the index-hand 12, is at the zeroof the two dials 3 and 4 and the hundreds disk 19 also indicates zero,then both the index-hand 12 and the disk 6 are to be moved around in thedirection of the blue arrow counter-cloclnvise until the pointer 13 haspassed through forty divisions on the dial 1, and then the index-hand 12by its knob 1'7 is brought back to zero, while the disk 6 remainsstationary. Consequently the index-finger of the disk 6 remainsindicating on the blue dial to the credit of the blue. During thisoperation the hundreds disk 19 has partly rotated clockwise and hasbrought the number on the blue half of the disk 19 into View and nearlybeneath the central pointer 21 in the space 20, while the zero, andconsequently that red portion of the disk 19 which could be seen throughthe aperture, is receding away therefrom toward the right, and it isobvious,therefore, that the advantage is on the side of the blue. It isin this position that the apparatus is shown on the drawings at Fig. 1.At this position the index-finger also points to 20 on the red dial, butthe pointer 21 in the space 20, covering a blue portion of the disk 19,decides that the blue figures opposite the index-finger on the dial areto be taken and not the red. I will suppose now that red plays and makeseighteen points. (The index-finger is now at zero.) To register this ICOthemilled head 11 isturne'd clockwise, carrying with it the disk 6 andthe index-hand 12 until the point 14: and the index-hand '12 havetraveled over nine divisions on the dial 3,1'epresenting eighteenpoints. The index-hand 12 is then turned to zero while the disk 6 isstationary, leaving the index-finger on the disk opposite to thedivision-line 011 the blue dial a representing sixty-two to the creditof the blue, and it will be observed that it is to the credit of theblue by the position of the exposed part of the hundreds dial 19, bluebeing indicated by the pointer 21 on the hundredsdial. It will thus beseen that the apparatus recorded in the first operation the differencebetween the scores of the playersthat is, eighty being the differencebetween the score of eighty made by the blue and zero by the redwhile inthe second operation the apparatus registered the difference between thetotal score made by the blue and the score by the redthat is, sixtytwo,So far in the exemplification of the actual use of the invention theoperation of subtraction has been effected, but supposing now that bluescores a further one hundred and twenty points, the disk 6, togetherwith the indexhand 12, is moved around counter-clockwise through onecomplete revolution for the one hundred and a further ten divisions upto that marked 2O for the additional twenty, making in all one hundredand twenty points on the dial L. The indexfinger 12 is then returned tozero, as usual, aftereach operation. The index-finger 7 will now befound to point to the radial division representing 82 on the blue scale,while at the same time it will be found that the hundreds-disk hasadvanced into such a position that the pointer 21 indicates between 100and 200, and the result to the credit of the blue will thus be read bythe dial 19 and by reference to the index-finger 7 as one hundred andeighty-two.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to securc'by Letters Patent,is

1. In a calculating apparatus for recording addition of numbers and thedifference between two numbers, or the difference between the two totalsof two series of numbers; the combination with a casing, a spindlepassing through the casing and carried in bearings therein, and meansfor rotating the spindle, a disk fixed on the spindle upon the upperface of the casing, an indicatingfinger delineated on the upper surfaceof the disk, an index-hand mounted concentrically with and above thedisk, means for causing the indexhand to follow the motions of the disk,and means for returning the index-hand to its zero position while thedisk is held stationary; of two dials delineated on the face of thecasing external and concentric with the disk, a zero-mark on both of'thedials on the same radial line, divisions on the inner dial numbered in adirection counter-clockwise, and divisions on the outer dial numberedclockwise from the zero-mark, and two pointers on the index-hand toindicate respectively on the inner and outer dials, substantiallyas setforth. I

2. In a calculating apparatus for recording addition of numbers and thedifference be tween two numbers, or the difii'eren ce between the twototals of two series of numbers; the combination of a casing, a spindlecarried in bearings and projecting through the casin g, a disk on thespindle upon the upper face of the casing, and an index-fingerdelineated on the disk, an index-h and concentric with and above thedisk, two concentric dials on the face of the casing external of thedisk, a zero-mark in the same radial line 011 both dials, divisions onthe inner and outer dials numbered in reverse directions from zero, andtwo pointers in the same radial line on the index-hand to indicate onthe dials, means for rotating the spindle and disk, to bring itsindicating-finger from zero to opposite a desired number on one of thedials, means for causing the index-hand to follow the said motion of thedisk from zero until it also indicates the same number on the same dial,means for returning the indexhand to zero independently of the diskwhereby the disk-finger remains at its original position and indicatesthe difference in number on the dial from the point at which it started,substantially as set forth.

3. In a calculating apparatus for recording addition of numbers and thedifferencebetween two numbers, or the difference between the two totalsof two series of numbers; the combination with a casing, a spindlepassing through the casing and carried in bearings therein, and meansfor rotating the spindle, a disk fixed on the spindle upon the upperface of the casing, an indicating-finger delineated on the upper surfaceof the disk, an index-hand mounted concentrically with and above thedisk, means for causing the indexhand to follow the motions of the disk,and means for returning the indeX-hand to its zero position while thedisk is held station- I ary, two dials delineated on the face of thecasing external and concentric with the disk, a zero-mark on both of thedials on the same radial line, divisions on the inner dial numbered in adirection counter-clockwise, and divisions on the outer dial numberedclockwise from the zero-mark, and two pointers on the index-hand toindicate respectively on the inner and outer dials; of a movable dialbeneath the casing, a zero-mark on the movable dial, a series of radialdivisions extend ing clockwise on one side of the zero-mark of the saiddial,and a series of radial divisions extending counter clockwise 011the other side of the zero-mark of the said dial, gearing between thedisk-spindle and the movable dial, an aperture in the casing throughwhich a portion of the movable dial is exhibited, and an index-point onthe edge of the aperture to show to which of the two series of numbersthe difference or addition is to be credited, and to indicate thehundreds when the divisions on the concentric dials do not reach beyondone hundred, substantially as set forth.

4. In a calculating apparatus for recording addition ollnumbers and thedifference between two numbers, or the difference between the two totalsof two series of numbers; the combination with a casing, a spindlepassing through the casing and carried in bearings therein, and meansfor rotating the spindle, a disk fixed on the spindle upon the upperface of the casing, means for preventing accidental rotation of thedisk, an indicatingiinger delineated on the upper surface of the disk,an index-hand mounted concentrically with and above the disk, means forcausing the index-hand to follow the motions of the disk, and means forreturning the index-hand to its zero position while the disk is heldstationary; of two dials delineated on the face of the casing externaland concentric with the disk, a zero-mark on both of the dials on thesame radial. line, divisions on the inner dial numbered in a directioncounter-clockwise, and divisions on the outer dial numbered clockwisefrom the zero-m ark, and two pointers on the index-hand toindicaterespectively on the inner and outer dials, substantially as setforth.

CHARLES A. N. \VALLIOH. \Vitnesses:

GRIFFITH BREWER, TALTER J. SKERTEN.

